Analysis

Chinese Critiques of Large Language Models

Finding the Path to General Artificial Intelligence

William Hannas,

Huey-Meei Chang,

Maximilian Riesenhuber,

and Daniel Chou

January 2025

Large generative models are widely viewed as the most promising path to general (human-level) artificial intelligence and attract investment in the billions of dollars. The present enthusiasm notwithstanding, a chorus of ranking Chinese scientists regard this singular approach to AGI as ill-advised. This report documents these critiques in China’s research, public statements, and government planning, while pointing to additional, pragmatic reasons for China’s pursuit of a diversified research portfolio.

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