CSET’s Helen Toner joined Foreign Affairs for a discussion with Kyle Chan on U.S.-China competition and cooperation in artificial intelligence.

In an accompanying report, we found that two methods are best for verifying the location of AI chips: ping-based location verification (PLV) and physical inspections. This piece compares these two methods through a cost-benefit analysis and shows that PLV is the more cost-effective approach. We conclude that the most effective location verification approach would likely involve a PLV system that is supplemented by small numbers of physical inspections.

Large-scale AI chip smuggling undermines U.S. export controls that are designed to prevent adversaries from developing advanced AI capabilities. Location verification—which would help regulators determine where AI chips are located—has emerged as a key proposal to strengthen export control enforcement efforts. This report assesses the viability of location verification methods, their cost-effectiveness, requirements for implementation, and their value as an enforcement tool.

CSET’s Sam Bresnick joined ABC News for an interview discussing U.S.-China competition in artificial intelligence.

CSET's Helen Toner spoke with Bloomberg's Romaine Bostick about the status of AI regulation in the US, the AI race with China, and where she thinks AI pacing should go from here.

CSET’s Sam Bresnick shared his expert insight in an article published by CBS News. The article examines how Iran and other U.S. adversaries are increasingly using artificial intelligence to support military, intelligence, cyber, and information operations.

CSET’s Sam Bresnick joined NewsNation alongside Grey Bull Rescue CEO Bryan Stern to discuss a report that AI models are being used by Iran against U.S. Navy forces.

One year after CSET first published an analysis of China’s progress in the global semiconductor manufacturing equipment market, we provide a new analysis based on updated 2025 data. We find that Chinese toolmakers continue to steadily gain market share in fabrication tools, particularly in ion implanters, deposition, and etch and clean tools. Lithography remains one of China’s weakest fabrication segments. At the same time, China lost some market share in all major assembly, test, and packaging tool categories.

CSET’s Kathleen Curlee and Sam Bresnick shared their expert analysis in an op-ed published by Nikkei Asia. The article argues that China’s progress in reusable rocket technology could lower the cost of deploying massive satellite constellations, strengthening its ability to compete with U.S. companies in the global satellite communications market.

CSET’s Sam Bresnick spoke with Sky News about China’s growing investment in humanoid robots and what it could mean for the future of warfare. The conversation explored China’s manufacturing advantage, its use of robotics to signal military strength, and whether humanoid robots could appear on the battlefield within the next five to ten years.