Reports

CSET produces evidence-driven analysis in a variety of forms, from informative graphics and translations to expert testimony and published reports. Our key areas of inquiry are the foundations of artificial intelligence — such as talent, data and computational power — as well as how AI can be used in cybersecurity and other national security settings. We also do research on the policy tools that can be used to shape AI’s development and use, and on biotechnology.

Report

China’s Military AI Wish List

Emelia Probasco, Sam Bresnick, and Cole McFaul
| February 2026

This report examines thousands of Chinese-language open-source requests for proposal (RFPs) published by the People’s Liberation Army between January 1, 2023, and December 31, 2024. The RFPs the authors reviewed offer insights into the PLA’s priorities and ambitions for AI-enabled military technologies associated with C5ISRT: command, control, communications, computers, cyber, intelligence, surveillance, reconnaissance, and targeting.

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Reports

Government AI Hire, Use, Buy (HUB) Roundtable Series – Roundtable 3: Government as a Buyer of AI

Carolina Oxenstierna, Aaron Snow, and Danny Hague
| March 2025

Georgetown University’s Center for Security and Emerging Technology and Beeck Center for Social Impact and Innovation, together with the Georgetown Law Institute for Technology Law and Policy (Tech Institute), led a series of invite-only roundtables over the course of 2024 to grapple with the legal liability questions that artificial intelligence poses, examine AI’s potential to transform government services, and consider how the government can better attract and use AI talent. This resulting report was authored in 2024 after those discussions and is the third installment of a four-part series.

Reports

Government AI Hire, Use, Buy (HUB) Roundtable Series – Roundtable 2: Government as an Employer of AI Talent

Danny Hague, Carolina Oxenstierna, and Matthias Oschinski
| March 2025

Georgetown University’s Center for Security and Emerging Technology and Beeck Center for Social Impact and Innovation, together with the Georgetown Law Institute for Technology Law and Policy (Tech Institute), led a series of invite-only roundtables over the course of 2024 to grapple with the legal liability questions that artificial intelligence poses, examine AI’s potential to transform government services, and consider how the government can better attract and use AI talent. This resulting report was authored in 2024 after those discussions and is the second installment of a four-part series.

Reports

Government AI Hire, Use, Buy (HUB) Roundtable Series – Roundtable 1: Government as a User of AI

Carolina Oxenstierna, Alice Cao, and Danny Hague
| March 2025

Georgetown University’s Center for Security and Emerging Technology and Beeck Center for Social Impact and Innovation, together with the Georgetown Law Institute for Technology Law and Policy (Tech Institute), led a series of invite-only roundtables over the course of 2024 to grapple with the legal liability questions that artificial intelligence poses, examine AI’s potential to transform government services, and consider how the government can better attract and use AI talent. This resulting report was authored in 2024 after those discussions and is the first installment of a four-part series.

Reports

How to Assess the Likelihood of Malicious Use of Advanced AI Systems

Josh A. Goldstein and Girish Sastry
| March 2025

As new advanced AI systems roll out, there is widespread disagreement about malicious use risks. Are bad actors likely to misuse these tools for harm? This report presents a simple framework to guide the questions researchers ask—and the tools they use—to evaluate the likelihood of malicious use.

Read our translation of draft measures that describe a process for ethics reviews of Chinese scientific research.

Formal Response

CSET’s Recommendations for an AI Action Plan

March 14, 2025

In response to the Office of Science and Technology Policy's request for input on an AI Action Plan, CSET provides key recommendations for advancing AI research, ensuring U.S. competitiveness, and maximizing benefits while mitigating risks. Our response highlights policies to strengthen the AI workforce, secure technology from illicit transfers, and foster an open and competitive AI ecosystem.

Read our translation of a draft Chinese policy document from 2021 that lays out a basic framework for assessing ethical problems with scientific research.

Reports

The State of AI-Related Apprenticeships

Luke Koslosky and Jacob Feldgoise
| February 2025

As artificial intelligence permeates the economy, the demand for AI talent with all levels of educational attainment will expand in kind. Apprenticeships are an effective education and training pathway for other industries, but are they suitable for AI-related roles? This report analyzes trends in AI-related apprenticeships across the United States from 2013 through 2023. It explores the growth of these programs, completion rates, demographic and geographic information, and the organizations sponsoring these programs.

Reports

Putting Explainable AI to the Test: A Critical Look at AI Evaluation Approaches

Mina Narayanan, Christian Schoeberl, and Tim G. J. Rudner
| February 2025

Explainability and interpretability are often cited as key characteristics of trustworthy AI systems, but it is unclear how they are evaluated in practice. This report examines how researchers evaluate their explainability and interpretability claims in the context of AI-enabled recommendation systems and offers considerations for policymakers seeking to support AI evaluations.

Read our translation of China’s catalog of prohibited and restricted exports, as revised in December 2023.