China’s brain-computer interface research has two dimensions. Besides its usual applications in neuropathology, China is extending the benefits of BCI to the general population, aiming at enhanced cognition and a “merger” of natural and artificial intelligence. This report, authored in collaboration with researchers from the Department of War Studies at King’s College London uses bibliometric analysis and expert assessment of technical documents to evaluate China’s BCI, and conclude that the research is on track to achieve its targets.

CSET's Ngor Luong testified before the U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission where she discussed Chinese investments in military applications of AI.

CSET's Jack Corrigan testified before the U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission where he discussed security threats posed by Chinese information and communications technology systems.

On January 17, 2024, CSET Researchers submitted a response to proposed rules from the Bureau of Industry and Security at the U.S. Department of Commerce. In the submission, CSET recommends that Commerce not implement controls on U.S. companies providing IaaS to Chinese entities, among other recommendations.

Demand for talent is one of the core elements of technological competition between the United States and China. In this issue brief, we explore demand signals in China’s domestic AI workforce in two ways: geographically and within the defense and surveillance sectors. Our exploration of job postings from Spring 2021 finds that more than three-quarters of all AI job postings are concentrated in just three regions: the Yangtze River Delta region, the Pearl River Delta, and the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei area.

This data brief analyzes over 200,000 U.S. government grants awarded to industry and academic recipients for artificial intelligence research between January 2017 and May 2023. The authors find that while the majority of federal grants are awarded to academic recipients, industry played an outsized role in U.S. government grant funding of AI research. Moreover, departments within the U.S. Department of Defense appear to prioritize funding industry and AI research relative to other funding agencies.

Data Snapshots are informative descriptions and quick analyses that dig into CSET’s unique data resources. This is the second installment of a two-part series of data snapshots that explores export control data from the Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS), namely the 2021 and 2022 yearly reports for trade with China and Hong Kong.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the world’s most pressing global health threats. Basic research is the first step towards identifying solutions. This brief examines the AMR research landscape since 2000, finding that the amount of research is increasing and that the U.S. is a leading publisher, but also that novel solutions like phages and synthetic antimicrobial production are a small portion of that research.

Data Snapshots are informative descriptions and quick analyses that dig into CSET’s unique data resources. This is the first installment of a two-part series of data snapshots that explores export control data from the Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS), namely the 2021 and 2022 yearly reports for trade with China and Hong Kong.

AI capabilities are evolving quickly and pose novel—and likely significant—risks. In these rapidly changing conditions, how can policymakers effectively anticipate and manage risks from the most advanced and capable AI systems at the frontier of the field? This Roundtable Report summarizes some of the key themes and conclusions of a July 2023 workshop on this topic jointly hosted by CSET and Google DeepMind.