Publications

CSET produces evidence-driven analysis in a variety of forms, from informative graphics and translations to expert testimony and published reports. Our key areas of inquiry are the foundations of artificial intelligence — such as talent, data and computational power — as well as how AI can be used in cybersecurity and other national security settings. We also do research on the policy tools that can be used to shape AI’s development and use, and on biotechnology.

Report

CSET’s 2024 Annual Report

Center for Security and Emerging Technology
| March 2025

In 2024, CSET continued to deliver impactful, data-driven analysis at the intersection of emerging technology and security policy. Explore our annual report to discover key research highlights, expert testimony, and new analytical tools — all aimed at shaping informed, strategic decisions around AI and emerging tech.

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Reports

Defending Against Intelligent Attackers at Large Scales

Andrew Lohn
| April 22, 2025

We investigate the scale of attack and defense mathematically in the context of AI's possible effect on cybersecurity. For a given target today, highly scaled cyber attacks such as from worms or botnets typically all fail or all succeed.

AI has the potential to revolutionize approaches to climate change research. Using CSET's Map of Science, this data brief maps the production of research publications at the intersection of AI and climate change to better understand how AI methods are being applied to climate change-related research.

CSET submitted the following comment in response to a Request for Information (RFI) from the National Science Foundation (NSF) about the development of the newly established Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships (TIP) Directorate, in accordance with the CHIPS and Science Act of 2022.

Data Brief

Identifying AI Research

Christian Schoeberl, Autumn Toney, and James Dunham
| July 2023

The choice of method for surfacing AI-relevant publications impacts the ultimate research findings. This report provides a quantitative analysis of various methods available to researchers for identifying AI-relevant research within CSET’s merged corpus, and showcases the research implications of each method.

Data Visualization

ETO Open-source software Research and Community Activity (ORCA)

Zachary Arnold and Jennifer Melot
| July 11, 2023

ETO’s Open-source software Research and Community Activity (ORCA) tool compiles data on open-source software (OSS) used in science and technology research.

Data Snapshot

Analyzing the Directionality of Citations in the Map of Science

Autumn Toney and Melissa Flagg
| March 1, 2023

Data Snapshots are informative descriptions and quick analyses that dig into CSET’s unique data resources. This three-part series presents a method to explore and visualize connections across CSET’s research clusters and enable identification of research of interest within CSET’s merged corpus of scholarly literature and Map of Science.

Data Snapshot

Diving into Deep Learning with Keyword Cascade Plots

Autumn Toney and Melissa Flagg
| February 15, 2023

Data Snapshots are informative descriptions and quick analyses that dig into CSET’s unique data resources. This three-part series presents a method to explore and visualize connections across CSET’s research clusters and enable identification of research of interest within CSET’s merged corpus of scholarly literature and Map of Science.

Data Snapshot

Keyword Cascade Plots

Autumn Toney and Melissa Flagg
| February 1, 2023

Data Snapshots are informative descriptions and quick analyses that dig into CSET’s unique data resources. This three-part series presents a method to explore and visualize connections across CSET’s research clusters and enable identification of research of interest within CSET’s merged corpus of scholarly literature and Map of Science.

CSET Senior Fellow Andrew Lohn testified before the House of Representatives Homeland Security Subcommittee on Cybersecurity, Infrastructure Protection, and Innovation at a hearing on "Securing the Future: Harnessing the Potential of Emerging Technologies While Mitigating Security Risks." Lohn discussed the application of AI systems in cybersecurity and AI’s vulnerabilities.

CSET Senior Fellow Andrew Lohn testified before the House of Representatives Science, Space and Technology Subcommittee on Investigations and Oversight and Subcommittee on Research and Technology at a hearing on "Securing the Digital Commons: Open-Source Software Cybersecurity." Lohn discussed how the United States can maximize sharing within the artificial intelligence community while reducing risks to the AI supply chain.