The following document is China’s national plan to build a technology transfer system. China’s cabinet, the State Council, issued the plan in 2017. The tech transfer plan briefly addresses China’s system for acquiring foreign technology, but the bulk of the document deals with transfers of technology within China, such as finding practical, commercially viable applications of new discoveries and putting technological advancements to work in rural areas and economically disadvantaged regions.
The Chinese source text is available online at: http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/content/2017-09/26/content_5227667.htm
Translator: Etcetera Language Group, Inc.
Editor: Ben Murphy, CSET Translation Lead
State Council Notice on the Publication of the Program to Build a National Technology Transfer System
To the People’s Governments of all provinces, autonomous regions and directly-administered municipalities, all State Council ministries and commissions, and all directly-subordinate offices: We now print and distribute to you the “Program to Build a National Technology Transfer System” and ask that you conscientiously implement it.
State Council
September 15, 2017
(This document is for public release)
Program to Build a National Technology Transfer System
A national technology transfer system is an ecological system that promotes the continuous generation of scientific and technological achievements, gives impetus to the diffusion, circulation, sharing, and application of scientific and technological achievements, and realizes economic and social value. Building and improving a national technology transfer system is very important for the promotion of scientific and technological achievement capitalization and industrialization, for increasing the overall effectiveness of the national innovation system, for invigorating society-wide innovation and entrepreneurship, and for promoting a close union of science and technology with the economy. The Party Central Committee and the State Council attach great importance to technology transfer work. Since the beginning of reform and opening up, China has continuously produced scientific and technological achievements. Technology markets have undergone orderly development, and technology-related transactions have become livelier by the day. However, China also faces problems such as a failure of technology transfer chains to function smoothly, an insufficiently strong cadre of talents, and unsound institutional mechanisms. There is an urgent need to strengthen system design, to construct a national technology transfer system that conforms to patterns of scientific and technological innovation, technology transfer, and industrial development, to comprehensively increase the supply of science and technology as well as the capabilities for their transfer and diffusion, and to accelerate the transformation of scientific and technological achievements into a real, driving force for economic and social development. This plan is drawn up in order to thoroughly implement the “Law of the People’s Republic of China on Promoting the Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements into Commercial Products (科技成果转化)” and to accelerate the building of, and improvements to, a national technology transfer system.
I. Overall Requirements
(I) Guiding Ideology
Comprehensively implement the spirit of the 18th Party Congress and of the third, fourth, fifth, and sixth plenums of the 18th Central Committee, and thoroughly implement the spirit of the series of important speeches given by General Secretary Xi Jinping and the new ideas, thoughts, and strategies regarding governance. In accordance with the decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee and the State Council, draw up unified plans to push forward the “Five-in-One” overall arrangement [for economic, political, cultural, social, and ecological civilization development] and coordinate to push forward the “Four Comprehensivelys” strategic arrangement [comprehensively form a well-off society, comprehensively deepen reform, comprehensively govern the country according to law, comprehensively govern the party strictly]; remain committed to the underlying principle of making progress while maintaining stability; firmly establish and practically implement new development ideas, thoroughly put into effect and innovatively drive the development strategies, arouse the vitality of innovation entities, strengthen the linkage between technological supply and demand, optimize allocation of key elements, improve the policy environment, give free rein to technology transfer’s important role in raising scientific and technological innovation capabilities and in spurring economic and social development, and provide a powerful support for the accelerated development of China into an innovation-oriented country and a world S&T superpower.
(II) Basic Principles
— Market-oriented, government-driven. Give free rein to the decisive role of markets in spurring technology transfers; bolster market functions such as the functions of speeding up the permeation and diffusion of science and technology and of optimizing allocation of key innovation elements. The government emphasizes taking charge of strategy, planning, policy, and services in order to create a good environment for technology transfers.
— Reform-led, innovative mechanisms. In accordance with the principles of technology transfer, grasp the new features of the open, network-based, non-linear innovation paradigm; explore flexible and diverse institutional mechanisms for technology transfers, and mobilize the enthusiasm of all types of innovation entities and technology transfer vehicles.
— Problem-oriented, focus on the critical issues. Focus on weak links in the technology transfer system and on the crux of transfer and transformation; put forward targeted, operable policy measures; remedy technology transfer shortcomings, and fill the gaps in technology transfer chains.
— Vertical and horizontal linkages, bolstering collaboration. Strengthen linkages between the Center and localities, collaboration among sectors and industries, fusion of military with civilian, and connections between the international and the domestic; integrate the resources of various parties, and achieve links and mutual support among regions, sectors, and industries in technology transfer work.
(III) Goal of the Building Effort
By 2020, a new national technology transfer system adapted to the new situation will basically have been built; interlinked technology markets will have taken preliminary form, marketized technology transfer organizations and professionalized technology transfer talent teams will have developed and expanded; technology transfer channels will work even more efficiently; international technology transfers oriented towards countries along the “Belt and Road” [the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road] will proceed in a wide-ranging manner; and institutional mechanism conducive to the capitalization and industrialization of scientific and technological achievements will basically have been established.
By 2025, a rationally structured, institutionally sound, efficiently operating national technology transfer system with a complete set of functions will have been fully built; technology markets will be fully developed; various types of innovation entities will be collaborating and interacting efficiently; technology transfer institutional mechanisms will be even sounder; and the diffusion, circulation, sharing, and application of scientific and technological achievements will proceed even more smoothly.
(IV) System Layout
Building and improving the national technology transfer system is a systems engineering project. The system should be laid out with a view to construction of a highly efficient, collaborative national innovation system while keeping in mind the entire process, the entire chain, and all the key elements of technology transfer and the three areas of infrastructure, transfer channels, and support.
— Infrastructure. Give free rein to the important role of innovation entities such as enterprises, institutions of higher learning, and scientific research institutes in promoting technology transfers. With the binding ties of unified and open technology markets and the support of technology transfer organizations and talent, strengthen the effective supply, transformation, and application of scientific and technological achievements, promote the formation of dense and interactive technology transfer networks, and construct the “underlying framework” (“四梁八柱”) of the technology transfer system.
— Transfer channels. By means of scientific research personnel innovations and start-ups and military-civilian, cross-regional, and international technology transfers, intensify the radiation and diffusion of the technology transfer system, promote the orderly circulation and efficient allocation of scientific and technological achievements, guide the organic melding of technology with talent, capital, enterprises, and industries, and accelerate the wide-ranging permeation and application of new technologies, new products, and new modes.
— Support. Strengthen services in the areas of investment, financing, and intellectual property; create a policy environment conducive to technology transfers; ensure that the technology transfer system functions efficiently.
II. Optimizing the Basic Framework of the National Technology Transfer System
(V) Arouse the Technology Transfer Vitality of Innovation Entities
Bolster demand-oriented scientific and technological achievement supply. Give free rein to the primary role of enterprises in research and development, investment, organization, and implementation of market-oriented science and technology projects; promote in-depth participation by enterprises and other parties in need of technology in project process management and the entire organization and implementation process including acceptance inspection and evaluation. Clearly define tasks related to the transformation of S&T achievements into commercial products in major national scientific and technological projects; establish assessment criteria directly related to transformation; perfect mechanisms to produce practical benefits in the course of aiming to achieve lofty goals; reduce the distance between achievements and markets. Guide institutions of higher learning and scientific research institutes in launching technological innovation and transfer and transformation activities that are in keeping with the development orientation and that stay close to market demands; bolster collection and use of annual reports on the transformation of S&T achievements into commercial products by institutions of higher learning and scientific research institutes.
Promote technology transfers in academic-industrial collaboration. Give free rein to the platform and vehicle roles of national technology innovation centers and manufacturing innovation centers, and give impetus to major and critical technology transfers and diffusion. Entrust enterprises, institutions of higher learning, and scientific research institutions with building a number of scientific and technological achievement pilot and maturation bases focused on narrowly defined fields; popularize technology readiness level evaluations, and promote large-scale applications of scientific and technological achievements. Support enterprise-led innovative strategic alliances with institutions of higher learning and scientific research institutes for the joint development of industrial technology; promote technology transfer and diffusion through technology cross-licensing and the establishment of patent pools. Accelerate development of new research and development organizations; explore new mechanisms for common technology research and development and technology transfer. Bring the strengths of scientific and technological groups such as academic institutes, industrial associations, and research societies fully into play; entrust industrial-academic collaborative communities with promoting technology transfers.
Promote technology transfers directed at fields urgently needed for economic and social development. While maintaining focus on the major scientific and technological requirements of social and economic fields such as environmental governance, targeted poverty alleviation, population health, and public safety, give free rein to the role of clinical medicine research centers and other public welfare-oriented technology transfer platforms. Publish public welfare-oriented technological achievement guides; launch demonstrations, popularizations, and applications, and let the public share in advanced scientific and technological achievements. Focus on contested, strategic fields that will affect long-term development; strengthen technology supply-demand linkages, and accelerate the push to transform and apply major scientific and technological achievements. Aim at key fields such as artificial intelligence that have wide coverage and obvious economic benefits; strengthen the popularization and application of critical common technologies, and promote industrial transformation and upgrading. With an orientation towards the scientific and technological needs of agricultural and rural economic and social development, bring a “unified and diverse” agricultural technology popularization system, in which public welfare-oriented agricultural technology popularization organizations predominate and are supplemented by socialization service (社会化服务) organizations, fully into play, and strengthen the development of the agricultural technology transfer system.
(VI) Build Unified and Open Technology Markets
Build nationwide, inter-connected technology transaction networks. Relying on existing hub-like technology transaction network platforms, and by means of Internet technology measures, connect technology transfer organizations, investment and financing organizations, and various kinds of innovation entities; assembling achievements, capital, talent, services, policies, and other innovation factors, launch combination online-offline technology transaction activities.
Accelerate development of technology markets. Incubate and develop several nationwide technology transaction markets that have full sets of functions and powerful radiating effects; complete and perfect regional and industry-oriented technology transaction markets connected to the nationwide technology transaction network. Promote linkages and mergers between technology markets and capital markets; widen the channels whereby various types of capital participating in technology transfers are invested, circulated, and withdrawn.
Improve the quality of technology transfer services. Draft technology transfer service standards; improve market-oriented pricing mechanisms that conform to the characteristics of scientific and technological achievement transactions; clarify the operating procedures for scientific and technological achievement auctions, listed transactions in technology markets, and negotiated transaction information announcements. Establish a sound, specialized statistical system for the technology transfer service sector; perfect technology contract identification rules and registration regulations.
(VII) Develop Technology Transfer Organizations
Bolster government guidance and services. Integrate and bolster the functions of the national technology transfer administrative framework; strengthen unified planning, guidance, and coordination of development of nationwide technology transaction markets and technology transfer organizations; with a society-wide orientation, organize and launch scientific and technological achievement information collection, evaluation, and transfer services that are supported and produced with government funding. Guide market-based and standardized development of technology transfer organizations; improve service capacities and quality, and incubate a set of technology transfer organizations that will have a demonstration effect.
Strengthen the development of technology transfer mechanisms in institutions of higher learning and in scientific research institutes. Encourage institutions of higher learning and scientific research institutes to build professional technology transfer mechanisms without increasing their staffs and likewise to strengthen market development, marketing, and after-sales services for scientific and technological achievements. Create mechanisms to manage and operate technology transfers at institutions of higher learning and scientific research institutes; establish service invention disclosure policies, and put into effect hiring policies for technology managers; clarify benefit allocation mechanisms, and provide guidance to professionals engaged in technology transfer services.
Accelerate development of socialized (社会化) technology transfer organizations. Encourage all types of intermediary organizations to provide professional technology transfer services in the areas of intellectual property, legal consultations, asset appraisals, and technology evaluations. Guide all types of innovation entities and technology transfer organizations towards joining in a technology transfer alliance and strengthening information sharing and business cooperation. Encourage those places where conditions permit to provide support to relevant technology transfer organizations in light of service performance.
(VIII) Expand Professional Technology Transfer Talent Teams
Improve multi-level mechanisms for technology transfer talent development. Strengthen development of technology transfer management personnel, technology broker, technology manager, and other talent teams; clear channels for career development and occupational title promotion. Support and encourage institutions of higher learning and scientific research institutes to set up innovation positions for full-time technology transfer work; allocation of performance-based wages should favor technology transfer personnel who make outstanding contributions. Encourage retired professional technology personnel to engage in technology transfer services. Perform unified planning that, to appropriate degrees, employs policy guidance and market incentives, and make more use of market earnings to reward scientific research personnel and of multiple channels to encourage scientific research personnel to engage in technology transfer activities. Strengthen policy support for personnel involved in research and development and transformation of high-precision and national defense scientific and technological achievements.
Strengthen cultivation of technology transfer talent. Giving free rein to the role of enterprises, institutions of higher learning, and scientific research institutes, attract overseas high-level technology transfer talent and teams by means of multiple vehicles and forms such as projects, bases, and educational cooperation. Where conditions permit, encourage institutions of higher learning to establish technology transfer-related subjects or specializations and to establish joint training mechanisms with enterprises, scientific research institutes, and science and technology groups. Incorporate high-level technology transfer talent into national and local high-level talent special support plans.
III. Widening Technology Transfer Channels
(IX) Rely on Innovation and Entrepreneurship to Spur Technology Transfers
Encourage scientific research personnel to engage in innovation and entrepreneurship. Guide scientific research personnel in transferring scientific and technological achievements to micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises by means of temporary or part-time employment in enterprises or by founding an enterprise either while remaining employed or after leaving employment. Support institutions of higher learning and scientific research institutes in attracting innovative and entrepreneurial talent to engage part-time in technology transfer work by setting up mobile positions or by other means. Guide scientific research personnel toward enterprise-oriented technology transfers, technology development, technical services, and technical consulting; manage horizontal research topic (横向课题) funds according to contract stipulations.
Strengthen technology transfer functions for innovation and entrepreneurship vehicles. With the focus on the real economy [as opposed to the virtual economy] and leading industries (优势产业), guide enterprises, institutions of higher learning, and scientific research institutes to develop professional makerspaces (众创空间). Relying on open-source software and hardware, 3D printing, network manufacturing, and other such tools, establish open and shared innovation platforms, and provide service support for technical concept verification, commercialization development, and other technology transfer activities. Encourage leading and key enterprises to make innovation and entrepreneurship resources public; support entrepreneurship by internal employees; attract and gather external ventures; promote cross-sector mergers by small, medium-sized, and large enterprises, and guide collaborative innovation by the research and development, manufacturing, and service links. Optimize incubators, accelerators, university science and technology parks, and other types of incubation vehicle functions; build a complete-chain incubation system that covers technology research and development, enterprise incubation, and industrialization development. Strengthen the development of rural innovation and entrepreneurship vehicles; give free rein to the important role of science and technology envoys (科技特派员) in guiding transfer of scientific and technological achievements to rural areas and agriculture. Through approaches such as “publicly inviting applications for a competition” and “inviting tenders for technological challenges,” openly solicit society for solutions directed at national, industrial, and enterprise-related technological innovation needs.
(X) Deepen Bidirectional Transformation of Military and Civilian Scientific and Technological Achievements
Strengthen the link between supply and demand in relation to military and civilian technology. Strengthen inter-connections for information on combined military-civil scientific and technological achievements; establish mechanisms for exchanging information on military-civil scientific and technological achievements. Make further improvements to public service platforms for national military-civil technological achievements; provide services such as military-civil scientific and technological achievement evaluations, information searches, and policy consulting. Bolster the development of military equipment procurement information platforms; build platforms to link supply and demand for military-civil technology; guide superior civilian product and units into military product scientific research and production fields; accelerate the cultivation of national security and emergency response industries in areas such as counter-terrorism, stability maintenance, and security; strengthen shared use of military and civilian research and development resources.
Optimize institutional mechanisms for military-civil technology transfers. Improve policies associated with national defense scientific and technological achievements such as those concerning classification downgrading and declassification, attribution of rights, valuation, assessments and incentives, and military-civil bidirectional transformation of intellectual property rights. Launch national patent operations pilot projects for military-civil fusion (军民融合); explore the establishment of national military-civil fusion technology transfer centers and a national-level laboratory technology transfer alliance. Establish and improve a military-civil fusion technology evaluation system. Establish talent, technology, and achievement transformation and linking mechanisms for the military and local governments; improve professional title assessment, post management, and examination and evaluation systems suited to the characteristics of military-civil scientific and technological achievement transformation. Build a military-civil technology transaction regulatory system; improve review and evaluation systems for dual-use military-civil technology transfer projects. In some regions, launch explorations and policy pilot projects concerning military-civil fusion technology transfer mechanisms, and launch typical achievement transfer and transformation demonstrations. Explore new joint military-civil mechanisms for organizing the implementation of and assessing major technology projects.
(XI) Promote Cross-Regional Transfer and Diffusion of Scientific and Technological Achievements
Strengthen technology transfers in key regions. Give free rein to the leading, radiating, and fountainhead roles of the Beijing and Shanghai scientific and technological innovation centers and of other innovation resource aggregation areas; promote the transfer and transformation of scientific and technological achievements into commercial products in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region and the Yangtze River Economic Zone. Launch special actions and innovation-driven support projects to revitalize scientific and technological transfer and transformation in the Northeast; give impetus to the development of superior industries with regional characteristics by means of transforming scientific and technological achievements into commercial products. Optimize targeted assistance and support mechanisms; launch science and technology-assisted poverty reduction and precisely targeted poverty alleviation; promote the transfer and transformation of new product types, new technologies, and new achievements towards poverty-stricken areas.
Improve the structure of gradient technology transfers (梯度技术转移). Intensify differentiated support for acceptance by the central and western regions of achievement transfer and transformation; provide precise link-ups for scientific and technological achievements centered on key industries. Explore benefit-sharing mechanisms and cooperative win-win modes for east-to-west orderly gradient transfer (梯度有序转移) of scientific and technological achievements; guide industries toward reasonable divisions of labor and optimal layouts. Establish a sound three-level province, city, and county technology transfer work network; accelerate county-level-oriented transfer and transformation of advanced, suitable scientific and technological achievements; promote county-level innovation-driven development.
Launch regional pilot projects and demonstrations. Where conditions permit, support regions in building national scientific and technological achievement transfer and transformation demonstration zones; launch institutional mechanism innovation and efforts to “move first, experiment first” at the policy level; explore a set of experiences and patterns that could be replicated and popularized. Permit central institutions of higher learning, scientific research institutes, and enterprises to execute demonstration zone-related policies in accordance with regulations.
(XII) Open Up Spaces for International Technology Transfers
Accelerate globalization of technology transfer vehicles. Accelerate development of international technology transfer centers; build international technology transfer collaboration and information integrating platforms; strengthen international cooperation in the areas of: technology introduction, technology incubation and absorption, technology exports, and talent introduction; implement integrated use of global technological resources. Strengthen links between foreign and domestic (国内外) technology transfer organizations; create mechanisms of cooperation; form bidirectional technology transfer channels
Launch technology transfer actions for “Belt and Road” [the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road] science and technology innovation and cooperation. Build technology transfer centers and innovation cooperation centers jointly with countries along the “Belt and Road” routes; construct a “Belt and Road” technology transfer collaboration network; transfer advanced, suitable technology to countries along the routes; give free rein to the role of the “Belt and Road” in leading industrial capacity cooperation.
Encourage enterprises to launch international technology transfers. Guide enterprises towards establishing international technology management companies and overseas research and development centers; launch cooperation with foreign (国外) technology transfer organizations, business incubation organizations, and start-up investment organizations. Launch multiple forms of international technology transfer activities; establish regular exchange mechanisms with international technology transfer organizations; build exhibition and exchange platforms centered on specific industrial fields for enterprise technology transfers.
IV. Improving the Policy Environment and Supports
(XIII) Establish correct evaluations and guidance for science and technology.
Push institutions of higher learning and scientific research institutes towards improving the classification and evaluation system for scientific research personnel; establish a classification and evaluation system that is geared towards the quality, contribution, and performance of scientific and technological innovation; turn away from evaluations based solely on academic theses and degrees. With regard to scientific research personnel primarily engaged in the work of applied research, development of technology, and transformation of S&T achievements into commercial products, give greater weight to evaluation criteria for achievement transformation, technology popularization, and technical services; make the contribution of scientific and technological achievements towards socioeconomic development an important basis for occupational promotions, professional title appraisals, and performance assessments; do not make academic theses a restrictive condition in evaluations; guide the large number of science and technology workers towards writing dissertations in the motherland.
(XIV) Bolster Policy Link-ups and Supports
Complete and perfect the system for administering state-owned intangible assets; optimize the process for appraising and managing relevant assets based on scientific and technological achievement transformation characteristics; explore simplifying filing procedures by means of public announcements or other approaches. Explore granting scientific and technological achievement ownership rights or long-term use rights to scientific research personnel in horizontally commissioned projects (横向委托项目); with the precondition that they be legally authorized, launch reform pilot projects in which institutions of higher learning, scientific research institutes, and other such units jointly own the rights to scientific and technological achievements invented on the job with the individuals or teams that completed them. Lawfully obtained achievement transformation award income for scientific research personnel in institutions of higher learning and scientific research institutes should not be included in performance pay. Establish innovative product purchasing and first-set equipment (首台套) insurance policies that are sound and that comply with international rules. Complete and perfect technological innovation and standardization interactive support mechanisms; launch pilot programs for technological standardization of scientific and technological achievements. In keeping with the direction of tax system reform, and in accordance with incentive principles for scientific and technological achievement transformation, carry out unified planning of the taxation policy relating to scientific and technological achievement transformation award income. Improve the export control system; strengthen development of the technology transfer security review system; truly uphold national security and core interests.
(XV) Improve Diversified Investment and Financing Services
By setting up start-up investment subsidiary funds (创业投资子基金) and loan risk compensation and through other such means, national and local scientific and technological achievement transformation guiding funds guide social capital in increasing investment and financing support for early-phase technology transfer projects and micro, small, and medium-sized scientific and technological enterprises. Launch intellectual property right securitization (证券化) and financing pilot projects; encourage commercial banks to launch intellectual property right pledge loan (质押贷款) services. In accordance with unified deployments under the State Council, encourage financial institutions in the banking industry to actively and conservatively launch internal investment-loan linkage pilot projects and external investment-loan linkages. Implement a pilot project preferential policy whereby venture capital enterprises and angel investors can deduct 70% of amounts invested in seed-stage and preliminary-phase (初创期) scientific and technological enterprises from taxable income.
(XVI) Strengthen Intellectual Property Right Protections and Operations
Improve intellectual property right protections adapted to the new economy and new model; unleash driving power and energy to stimulate innovation and entrepreneurship. Strengthen legal protections for trade secrets in the technology transfer process; research and establish a legal system consisting of license of right (当然许可) and other intellectual property rights-utilizing mechanisms. Give free rein to the leading role of intellectual property right judicial protections; improve intellectual property right protective modes whereby enforcement of administrative law and judicial protections are organically linked and their respective advantages complement each other; popularize the technology investigator (技术调查官) system; unify judgment norms and standards; reform and optimize the intellectual property right administrative protection system. Optimize patent and trademark examination processes; develop the “Patent Prosecution Highway” (专利审查高速路) international cooperation network, and raise the quality of intellectual property rights.
(XVII) Strengthen Information-Sharing and Precise Link-Ups
Establish national scientific and technological achievement information service platforms; integrate existing scientific and technological achievement information resources, and promote unified collection, opening, sharing, and use of information on government-funded science and technology plans and science and technology awards and achievements. With a demand orientation, encourage all types of organizations to publish scientific and technological achievement supply-demand information by means of technology transaction markets and other channels; use big data, cloud computing, and other such technologies to launch deep mining (深度挖掘) of scientific and technological information. Establish mechanisms for publishing scientific and technological packages in key fields; launch scientific and technological achievement exhibitions and road show activities; spur precise link-ups among technology, experts, and enterprises.
(XVIII) Create a Social Climate Conducive to Technology Transfers
Improve incentive mechanisms, error-toleration and error-correction mechanisms, and diligence and responsibility policies that, in the technology transfer process, concern the performance of achievement pricing and decision-making duties by the leaders of institutions of higher learning, scientific research institutes, and other such units and the performance of project initiation and management duties by science and technology management personnel; create a good climate in which people will dare to transform and be willing to transform. Improve the social credit system; give free rein to the role of public opinion; create a market environment characterized by fair rights, fair opportunities, and fair rules.
V. Strengthen Organization and Implementation
(XIX) Strengthen Organizational Leadership
The leading groups (领导小组) in the reforms to the national science and technology system and in developing the innovation system are responsible for unified planning and promotion of efforts to build a national technology transfer system and for deliberating on related major tasks and policy measures. The administrative departments in charge of science and technology under the State Council should strengthen organization and coordination, clarify responsibilities and division of labor, specify goals and tasks, and intensify supervision and implementation. The departments concerned should draft detailed implementation rules based on this plan and discuss related policy measures for implementing and spurring technology transfers. All levels of local government should include the work of building the technology transfer system at the top of their agendas. They should establish coordination and promotion mechanisms and make great efforts to organize implementation in light of actual conditions.
(XX) Do a Good Job of Implementing Policies
Comprehensively implement the applicable laws and regulations and supporting policies to spur technology transfers; emphasize efforts to carry out reform measures that have symbolic and associative effects. Each region and sector should establish a policy implementation and responsibility system and should truly strengthen policy implementation tracking and monitoring results assessments. They should promptly track, promptly inspect, and promptly assess how promulgated major reform and policy measures are being implemented.
(XXI) Increase Investment of Capital
Each region and sector should give full rein to the role of government finance in guiding technology transfers and the transformation of S&T achievements into commercial products and should improve investment mechanisms and promote combining science and technology with finance. They should intensify support for key tasks such as building technology transfer organizations and information sharing service platforms and should form a diversified investment structure that combines government funds with social capital.
(XXII) Launch Supervision and Assessment
Strengthen supervision and assessment of how this plan is implemented; establish monitoring, supervisory, and assessment mechanisms; periodically organize supervision and examination; launch third party assessments; keep track of goal and task completion statuses; promptly discover and solve problems. Strengthen propaganda and policy interpretations; promptly summarize and popularize typical experiences and methods.