This is a translation of China’s catalog of prohibited and restricted exports, as updated in July 2025. This catalog, along with China’s two dual-use export control lists, is one of three major documents that list China’s export-controlled items and technologies. The catalog of prohibited and restricted exports has two parts: technologies that may not be exported from China under any circumstances, and a much longer list of technologies whose export is subject to unspecified “restrictions.” The catalog does not mention how the export eligibility review process works for this latter category; this process is the subject of other Chinese laws and regulations. The July 2025 revision adds several technologies related to lithium-ion battery manufacturing to the catalog, demonstrating China’s confidence that it is the world leader in these technologies.

This translation incorporates China’s July 2025 list of modifications to the Catalogue into the full text of the Catalogue as published by China in December 2023.

Archived versions of the Chinese text of the July 2025 modifications and the December 2023 full text are available online at https://perma.cc/KT3B-XQY3 and https://perma.cc/B5Z7-JH2T respectively.

Chinese Catalogue of Technologies Prohibited or Restricted from Export [July 2025]¹

Ministry of Commerce (MOFCOM)

Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST)

Reference Principles for Chinese Technologies Prohibited or Restricted from Export

I. Reference Principles for Technologies Prohibited from Export

(i) Where export is prohibited to safeguard national security, the public interest, or public morality;

(ii) Where it is necessary to prohibit export to protect human health or safety, protect animal or plant life or health, or protect the environment;

(iii) Other cases where it is necessary to prohibit export in accordance with laws and administrative regulations;

(iv) Other cases where it is necessary to prohibit export pursuant to the provisions of international treaties and agreements concluded by China or to which it is a party.

II. Reference Principles for Technologies Restricted from Export

(i) Where it is necessary to restrict export to safeguard national security, the public interest, or public morality;

(ii) Where it is necessary to restrict export to protect human health or safety, protect animal or plant life or health, or protect the environment;

(iii) Other cases where it is necessary to restrict export in accordance with laws and administrative regulations;

(iv) Other cases where it is necessary to restrict export pursuant to the provisions of international treaties and agreements concluded by China or to which it is a party.

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1. Translator’s note: The July 2025 changes to the Chinese Catalogue of Technologies Prohibited or Restricted from Export are as follows: In the “Prohibited from Export” portion: (1) item 085001J “Chinese traditional building technology” is deleted. In the “Restricted from Export” portion: (2) items 085001X “Chinese traditional building technology” and 085001X “Building environmental control technology” are deleted. (3) Item 252604X “Technology for battery positive electrode materials and preparations” (pp. 21-22) is added. (4) In item 083201X “Non-ferrous metals metallurgy technology,” control point 2 is changed from “’Dissolution method’ (“溶解法”) process of recovering gallium in the original liquid using the precipitation mother liquor (种分母液) in alumina production” to “Technology and techniques for extracting metallic gallium from alumina mother liquor (母液) using methods such as ion exchange and ion exchange resin” (p. 27). (5) In item 083201X, control points 9-13, all related to lithium extraction, are added (pp. 28-29). CSET’s English translation of the previous (December 2023) version of the Chinese Catalogue of Technologies Prohibited or Restricted from Export is available online at: https://cset.georgetown.edu/publication/china-export-control-catalog-2023/.