How far has Beijing advanced on the goals set in its 2021 Space Perspective? Drawing from open-source evidence, this analysis tracks progress across seven mission areas. The findings reveal steady, wide-ranging advances toward 2027 objectives, with one major shortfall: persistent challenges in debris mitigation.

This blog post describes key takeaways from the NATO-Ukraine Defense Innovators Forum, held in Krakow, Poland in June 2024. It overviews changing concepts of operation, battlefield realities, and technological aspirations and innovations in Ukraine, with a focus on uncrewed aerial vehicles (UAVs) and counter-UAV systems. It builds upon CSET’s previous blog from the Future of Drones in Ukraine conference held in Warsaw in November 2023.

This blog post recounts the development of a Python-based data collection pipeline project completed in the summer of 2024 by CSET inaugural intern Jordan Monts. During his project research and work, he used the Requests and BeautifulSoup libraries to create a two-part system to gather and process web data, support ongoing research initiatives, and strengthen his skills in data processing as well as application programming interface (API) management.

This blog post analyzes five major Chinese AI governance proposals, focusing on the key actors specified in each proposal. We find that older proposals lack specificity when identifying AI governance actors. Recent proposals, on the other hand, assign roles and responsibilities to a defined set of actors. The findings from this blog post can help policymakers and analysts better understand China’s fast-evolving AI governance landscape.

Large language models (LLMs), the technology that powers generative artificial intelligence (AI) products like ChatGPT or Google Gemini, are often thought of as chatbots that predict the next word. But that isn't the full story of what LLMs are and how they work. This is the third blog post in a three-part series explaining some key elements of how LLMs function. This blog post explains how AI developers are finding ways to use LLMs for much more than just generating text.

Large language models (LLMs), the technology that powers generative artificial intelligence (AI) products like ChatGPT or Google Gemini, are often thought of as chatbots that predict the next word. But that isn't the full story of what LLMs are and how they work. This is the second blog post in a three-part series explaining some key elements of how LLMs function. This blog post explores fine-tuning—a set of techniques used to change the types of output that pre-trained models produce.

The October 30, 2023, White House executive order on artificial intelligence requires companies developing the most advanced AI models to report safety testing results to the federal government. CSET Horizon Junior Fellow Thomas Woodside writes that these requirements are a good first step towards managing uncertain risks and Congress should consider codifying them into law.

This guide provides a run-down of CSET’s research since 2019 for first-time visitors and long-term fans alike. Quickly get up to speed on our “must-read” research and learn about how we organize our work.

On October 30, 2023, the Biden administration released the Executive Order on the Safe, Secure, and Trustworthy Development and Use of Artificial Intelligence (AI). This blog contemplates a potential lack of balance in the policy discussions between the restrictions that come with governance and the promise of opportunity unleashed by innovation. Is it possible to apply AI standards, governance, safeguards and protections in a manner that stimulates innovation, competitiveness and global leadership for the United States in AI?

There’s a lot to digest in the October 30 White House’s AI Executive Order. Our tracker is a useful starting point to identify key provisions and monitor the government’s progress against specific milestones, but grappling with the substance is an entirely different matter. This blog post, focusing on Section 4 of the EO (“Developing Guidelines, Standards, and Best Practices for AI Safety and Security”), is the first in a series that summarizes interesting provisions, shares some of our initial reactions, and highlights some of CSET’s research that may help the USG tackle the EO.