How far has Beijing advanced on the goals set in its 2021 Space Perspective? Drawing from open-source evidence, this analysis tracks progress across seven mission areas. The findings reveal steady, wide-ranging advances toward 2027 objectives, with one major shortfall: persistent challenges in debris mitigation.

CSET's Jacob Feldgoise and Hanna Dohmen outline China's market share gains in semiconductor manufacturing equipment, based on data from CSET ETO's updated Supply Chain Explorer.

This blog post describes key takeaways from the NATO-Ukraine Defense Innovators Forum, held in Krakow, Poland in June 2024. It overviews changing concepts of operation, battlefield realities, and technological aspirations and innovations in Ukraine, with a focus on uncrewed aerial vehicles (UAVs) and counter-UAV systems. It builds upon CSET’s previous blog from the Future of Drones in Ukraine conference held in Warsaw in November 2023.

This blog post recounts the development of a Python-based data collection pipeline project completed in the summer of 2024 by CSET inaugural intern Jordan Monts. During his project research and work, he used the Requests and BeautifulSoup libraries to create a two-part system to gather and process web data, support ongoing research initiatives, and strengthen his skills in data processing as well as application programming interface (API) management.

This blog post analyzes five major Chinese AI governance proposals, focusing on the key actors specified in each proposal. We find that older proposals lack specificity when identifying AI governance actors. Recent proposals, on the other hand, assign roles and responsibilities to a defined set of actors. The findings from this blog post can help policymakers and analysts better understand China’s fast-evolving AI governance landscape.

Since 2022, U.S. export controls have restricted the highest-performing AI chips from being exported to China. The Biden administration likely did not intend to control CPUs (i.e., general-purpose processors) with these restrictions. However, CPUs are increasingly subject to export controls because chip designers are incorporating specialized elements for AI computation into CPUs. In this blog post, we discuss the implications of controlling AI-capable CPUs and make recommendations for the Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS) at the U.S. Department of Commerce.

Large language models (LLMs), the technology that powers generative artificial intelligence (AI) products like ChatGPT or Google Gemini, are often thought of as chatbots that predict the next word. But that isn't the full story of what LLMs are and how they work. This is the third blog post in a three-part series explaining some key elements of how LLMs function. This blog post explains how AI developers are finding ways to use LLMs for much more than just generating text.

Large language models (LLMs), the technology that powers generative artificial intelligence (AI) products like ChatGPT or Google Gemini, are often thought of as chatbots that predict the next word. But that isn't the full story of what LLMs are and how they work. This is the second blog post in a three-part series explaining some key elements of how LLMs function. This blog post explores fine-tuning—a set of techniques used to change the types of output that pre-trained models produce.

The October 30, 2023, White House executive order on artificial intelligence requires companies developing the most advanced AI models to report safety testing results to the federal government. CSET Horizon Junior Fellow Thomas Woodside writes that these requirements are a good first step towards managing uncertain risks and Congress should consider codifying them into law.

As the U.S. government considers banning genomics companies from China in the Biosecure Act, it opens a broader question of how the U.S. and other market economies should deal with China’s national champions. This blog post provides an overview of BGI and how China’s industrial policy impacts technology development.